Vaporizing type oil burner



April 10, 1951 J. w. MILLER VAPORIZING TYPE OIL BURNER 2 Sheets-Sheet v1Filed Aug. 15, 1947 INVENTOR. W M/V/er' Jab ATTORNEYJ' Patented -Apr.10, 1951 VAPORIZING TYPE 01L BURNER John W. Miller, Lansing, Mich.,assignor to Motor Wheel Corporation, Lan

tion of Michigan sing, Mich., a corpora- Application August 15, 1947,Serial No. 768,762

3 Claims.

This invention relates to combustion apparatus and more particularly toburners of the vaporizing type.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a vaporizingburner of the type having a discharge opening at the side thereof, whichis more efficient in operation than previous burners of this type. a

A further object of the invention is to provide such a burner which isparticularly simple and economical to construct.

These objects are attained in part by forming a generally elbow shapedburner in which the bottom end portion is substantially cylindrical andthe discharge end portion is substantially rectangular in cross-section,and wherein the great majority of the primary air inlet openings areprovided in two opposite planar faces of said portion of rectangularcross-section.

The objects are also attained in part by making the side wall of theburner of two one piece sheet metal stampings.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a burner embodying the presentinvention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on substantially the line 22 ofFig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the burner;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the same;

Fig. 5 is a rear end elevational view of the burner;

Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the burner; and

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary front elevational view of the burner.

The burner shown in the drawings is particularly adapted for operationunder a positive draft. It comprises an outer casing land a burnerproper H. The outer casing I0 is preferably formed of sheet metal andcomprises a bottom wall l2, a pair of identical side walls l3, only oneof which is shown, a rear wall M, a front Wall [5, and a top wall It.These walls are joined together in any suitable way, the jointstherebetw'een preferably being air tight.

The side wall It is provided with a large opening ll into which isinserted an air inlet duct or tube [8. Tube it extends across housing l0and is provided with a slot l9 near the bottom and adjacent the burner.Slot l9 extends throughout a substantial portion of the length of tubeIt; and directs the air across and beneath the bottom of the burner.This construction gives uniform distribution of air to the air inletopenings of the burner. Air under pressure, either forced draft orgravity, is supplied to the duct [8 from a suitable source connected tothe latter.

The front wall of the casing is provided with a discharge opening intowhich is inserted a flanged collar 20. The purpose of this collar willappear more fully presently. Another opening is formed in the top wallIt. This opening is covered by a bracket 22 and a hinged cap 2| hingedlyconnected to the bracket. The bracket is secured to the top wall and hasan opening registering with the opening in the top wall IE to provideaccess to the interior of the burner for lighting the same.

The burner proper is preferably composed of four sheet metal stampingsA, B, C and D. Stamping A is in the form of a shallow circular pan whichforms the bottom wall 23 of the burner. At one side of the bottom wall23 a fuel inlet opening is formed to which a fuel conduit 24 isattached. Fuel is fed to the bottom wall of the burner from a source notshown through a conventional valve mechanism 25. The valve mechanism maybe of any conventional sort by means of which the flow of fuel to theburner can be regulated.

The second stamping B comprises a part of the side wall of the burnerproper. The stamping B consists of a lower cylindrical portion 21 and anupper rectangular portion 28. The lower cylindrical portion 21telescopically engages the upper end of the bottom wall stamping A andis preferably seam welded thereto. Two vertically spaced rows of primaryair inlet openings 29 are formed in the cylindrical portion 21 in zonesspaced from the bottom wall of the burner. The upper rectangular portion28 of the stamping B is substantially as wide as the cylindrical portion21 but is extended a substantial distance beyond the cylindrical portionat the front thereof. The two upright faces of the rectangular portionon opposite sides of the burner are tangent to the cylindrical portion21 of stamping B at 30 and 3|. Another upright face of the rectangularportion at the rear end of the burner is tangent to the cylindricalportion 21 at 32. The front upright face of the rectangular portion isspaced a substantial distance horizontally from the cylindrical portion21. The entire top edge of the stamping B is provided with a horizontalperipheral flange 33. A row of primary air inlet openings 26 is providedin each of the two longer upright walls of the rectangular portion 28.

The third stamping C is a deeply drawn sheet metal structure having avertical front wall 34. a pair of parallel vertical walls 35 and 36, anda fourth wall 31. The wall 31 extends rearwardly from the top of thefront wall 34 and curves rearwardly and downwardly to meet the upperrear edge of the rectangular portion 28 of the stamping B. The stampingC is provided with a peripheral flange 38 about its lower edge whichregisters with the flange 33 on the second stamping.

A large number of primary air inlet openings 42 are formed in the twoparallel planar faces and 36. The openings 42 are relatively uniformly Avery few primary air inlet openings 44 are formed in the bottom of therectangular portion 28 of the second stamping in the zone between thecylindrical portion 21 thereof and the front edge of the burner. Asshown, there are nine of these openings.

A discharge opening 39 of circular shape is formed in the front wall 34.A tube 49 is con nected to the wall 3'! surrounding a circular openingtherein and is inserted into the opening in the bracket 22 to provideaccess to the burner to light the same.

The fourth stamping D consists of a collar 45 of Z-shaped cross-section.The collar 45 surrounds the discharge opening '39 in the end will 34 ofthe burner proper and is secured to said end wall. The collar 45 alsotelescopes over the collar 20, as indicated in Fig. 1, and is secured bysuitable means to the front wall 15 of the easing ID. The collar 45 isof an axial extent sufficient to space the front wall 34 of the burnerproper away from the rear axial extremity of the collar 20 so as toprovide a narrow annular slot 46 through which secondaryair can reachthe fuel vapors and air issuing from theburner. The secondary air gainsaccess to the slot 46 through a plurality of closely spaced relativelylarge secondary air inlet openings 4'! in the collar 45.

A partition 43 is mounted in the burner relatively close to the bottomwall thereof but above the lowermost row of primary air inlet openings29. The partition 48 has a large central opening 49 therein throughwhich fuel vapors, and such air as is admitted through the lowermost rowof openings 29, can pass into the upper'portion of the burner. Thepartition 48 is mounted within the burner by means of a plurality ofbosses 50 which are pressed inwardly from the sheet metal of stampin B.

In a general way the burner described operates in a conventional manner.Liquid fuel is admitted through the valve 25 and conduit 24 to thebottom wall of the burner. It is ignited by any suitable means insertedthrough the tube 49 after the cap 25 is lifted and for a relativelyshort time combustion occurs adjacent the fuel inlet. Air for combustionis forced into the casing I9 and then into the burner proper through theair inlet openings in the walls thereof. When the rate of fuel flow isvery small, sufficient air for combustion of the fuel is suppliedthrough the lower row of openings 29. Hence, at this stage combustionoccurs, generally speaking, below partition 48. If the fuel supply isincreased the fuel will va trize at a rate greater than can be consumedin the bottom of the burner so that the flame will rise through theopening 49 where additional air is provided through the upper row ofopenings 29 and. the openings 42. Eventually, if sufiicient fuel is fedto the burner, the fuel is vaporized and mixed with air within theburner and little or no combustion occurs within the burner. At thatstage combustion is initiated at the discharge opening 39 where thesecondary air is admitted in quantities suflicient to completely consumethe fuel vapors.

When the burner is operating at its higher stages of combustion, thepre-mixing of the fuel vapors and air is facilitated by means of theexceptionally large volume of the upper portion of the burner proper.This increased volume is due primarily to the rectangularcross-sectional configuration thereof. The rectangular configuration isparticularly efficient also, not only because of the increased volume,but because the inlet openings 42, being formed in two opposite planefaces thereof, can be located relatively close together withoutinterference between jets or air entering through adjacent openingsbecause such jets will be substantially parallel and non-converging. Inprevious burners having round side walls the jets of air entered in aradial direction and unless placed relatively far apart would convergeand impinge upon each other, causing a smoky yellow flame.

The major portion of the primary air inlet openings are the openings 42in the planar faces 35 and 36 of that portion of the burner ofrectangular cross-section and the openings 23 in the two long sides ofthe rectangular portion 28,

which are also planar. These openings have a larger total area than thatof the remaining primary air openings. 'It has been found to bedesirable, however, to provide a relatively few inlet openings, such asthe openings 43 and 44, in orderto prevent a somewhat stagnant conditionof heavy fuel vapors, particularly adjacent the bottom of therectangular section near the front wall 34. These openings 43 and 44 arerelatively few in number and are spaced far enoughfrom the two faces 35and 36 so as to completely prevent interference between the jetsentering the various primary air inlet openings.

In addition to improving the efficiency of vaporizing burners of thetype having a lateral discharge opening, the rectangular configurationof a portion of the burner faciliates the manufacture of the burner. Ashas been pointed out above, the burner can be made of not more than fourstampings. Itispossible to combine the stampings A and B into one'integral piece. It is preferred to make this in two pieces, however, inorder that the stamping A can be made of heavier gauge material than isrequired for the rest of the burner.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the present invention providesan exceptionally efficien; burner of the vaporizing type which can beeasily fabricated and assembled.

I claim: I

1. A vaporizing burner comprising a bottom wall adapted to serve as afuel receptacle, a tubular side wall in the form of an elbow secured tosaid bottom wall and extending upwardly and laterally therefrom, asubstantially vertical end 1 wall connected to the lateral portion ofsaid side wall remote from said bottom wall and having a relativelylarge discharge opening therein, the upwardly extending portion of saidtubular side wall adjacent the bottom wal l'being cylindrical and thelaterally extending portion of said side wall above said cylindricalportion and adjacent said end wall being generally rectangular incrosssection and having two opposite parallel vertical planar wallportions providedwith a plurality of spaced apart parallel air inletopenings therein whereby air entering said burner through said parallelinlet openings takes the form of substantially parallel jets, saidcylindrical portion having a plurality of converging air inlet openingstherein whereby air entering said burner through said openings takes theform of converging jets, a minor portion of said air inlet openingsbeing formed in said cylindrical portion and a major portion of said airinlet openings being formed in said two opposite parallel verticalplanar wall portions of said "laterally extending portion of said sidewall, the said major portion of the air inlet openings having a greatertotal area than that of the said minor portion of the air inletopenings.

2. A burner as defined in claim 1 wherein a centrally aperturedpartition extends trans- REFERENCES CITED The following references areof record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 433,871 Meyers Aug. ,5, 18901,512,869 Valjean Oct. 21, 1924 1,555,631 Brown Sept. 29, 1925 2,078,270Valjean Mar. 9, 1937 2,391,585 Miller 1. Dec. 25, 1945 2,392,757 MillerJan. 8, 1946

